Socket AM2+ a pin grid array socket In computer hardware, a CPU socket or CPU slot contains one or more mechanical components providing mechanical and electrical connections between a microprocessor and a printed circuit board (PCB). LGA 1151 (Socket H4) Socket Type; Intel Z390 Chipset; ATX Board Form Factor; Intel Optane Memory Ready ; Add to Compare Compare Now From £424. SIMM sockets have positive polarisation to prevent the memory modules from being inserted incorrectly. External data bus speed (I/O bus clock) is 2x faster than DDR3 SDRAM (8x faster than DDR SDRAM). DIMM sockets have to conform to the needs of the system that they are used in. When it comes to memory, compatibility is important. 64-bit processor which can handle up to 16EB (=1 billion GB) of memory or RAM. Close … When two identical (same size, speed, and latency) modules are installed in the proper sockets, the memory controller accesses them in interleaved mode for faster access. This depends on the type of RAM being supported by the DIMM, from DDR to DDR4. For example, when you are thinking about upgrading your cpu or even just your cpu cooler. Other common speeds for DDR3 SDRAM modules include PC3-8500 (DDR3-1066; 8500MBps throughput); PC3-12800 (DDR3-1600); and PC3-17000 (DDR3-2133). 5 out of 5 stars . Because parity checking “protects” you from bad memory by shutting down the computer (which can cause you to lose data), vendors created a better way to use the parity bits to solve memory errors using a method called ECC. Sd Memory Cards : 32gb Memory Cards: Memory Card Readers: Sdhc Memory Cards: Sandisk Memory Cards: Open Filters Compare Selected Compare (0) Results: 1. per page. The processor socket (also called a CPU socket) is the connector on the motherboard that houses a CPU and forms the electrical interface and contact with the CPU. A table containing all sockets used by all PC processors released to date, with examples of compatible CPUs. When you must specify memory for a given system, there are several variables you need to know: Memory module form factor (240-pin DIMM, 184-pin DIMM, 168-pin DIMM, 204-pin SO-DIMM, and so on)—The form factor your system can use has a great deal to do with the memory upgrade options you have with any given system. An LGA is different from a PGA in that the pins are … Identify your Motherboard Socket. DIMM sockets have to conform to the needs of the system that they are used in. After verifying that the module is lined up correctly with the socket, push the module straight down into the socket until the swivel locks on each end of the socket snap into place at the top corners of the module (see Figure 4-5). Click & Collect. Do not touch the metal-plated connectors on the bottom of the module; this can cause corrosion or ESD. DIMM sockets can vary based on orientation this can be: SIMM (Single In-Line Memory Module) sockets are computer memory expansion holders that connect memory modules to circuit boards. Basically the socket number places your motherboard into a a bigger family of similar boards. Memory refreshing is common to other types of RAM and is basically the act of reading information from a specific area of memory and immediately rewriting that information back to the same area without modifying it. ECC modules, like parity-checked modules, have an extra bit for each group of eight data bits. Memory modules of the same type with the same speed memory chips can have different CAS latency (CL) values. Although there are advantages to integrating the memory controller in the CPU, one disadvantage is the inability to quickly adopt new memory architectures, because doing so requires that both the processor and processor socket be redesigned. And you’ll notice that all of the AMD sockets that we’ll look at are all PGA type sockets, with this pin grid array, and that zero insertion force socket type. Both methods depend upon the presence of an additional memory chip over the chips required for the data bus of the module. Disconnect cables if necessary. However, laptop computers and some small-footprint mini-ITX motherboards and systems use reduced-size memory modules known as small outline DIMMs (SO-DIMMs or SODIMMS). RAM Types—This section provides the information you need to understand memory chip and module types and how some types of memory are designed to correct memory errors. LGA-1366 is also known as Socket B. For clarity, the memory module installation pictured in Figure 4-5 was photographed with the motherboard out of the case. See the following sidebar to learn more. There are three socket types. Some systems also support buffered (registered) or nonregistered modules. Different types of socket may vary according to the number of pins. Installing Memory—Laptops and desktops differ in how memory is installed, as you learn in this section. A double-sided (double-ranked) module has two 64-bit banks of memory stacked for higher capacity. If a system is performing critical work (such as high-level mathematics or financial functions or departmental or enterprise-level server tasks), ECC support in the motherboard and ECC memory are worthwhile options to specify. Verify that the locking tabs on the socket are swiveled to the outside (open) position. Modules with the same speed might have different latency values. Some motherboards use a locking tab on only one side of the socket. Motherboards are subcategorized by the type of processor socket they have. The register chip acts as a buffer, which slightly slows down memory access. Although a few systems can use more than one memory module form factor, in most cases if you want to change to a faster type of memory module, such as from 184-pin DIMM (used by DDR SDRAM) to 240-pin DIMM (such as DDR2 or DDR3 SDRAM), you need to upgrade the motherboard first. To install a DIMM module, follow these steps: Step 1. © 2020 Pearson Education, Pearson IT Certification. Most of these systems use two sets of three sockets. All of the modules in a bank should have the same latency as well as size and speed. Works with DDR3 memory. The labels on the memory modules shown in Figure 4-1 list the manufacturer, module type, size, and speed, and most also list the CAS latency (CL) value. Memory chip type used on the module (SDRAM, DDR SDRAM, and so on)—Today, a particular memory module type uses only one type of memory. External data bus speed (I/O bus clock) is 2x faster than DDR2 SDRAM (4x faster than DDR SDRAM). Memory module latency—Latency is how quickly memory can switch between rows. 53. The need for various types of RAM slots is directly due to the fact that multiple RAM formats are in use today. Move power and drive cables away from the memory sockets so you can access the sockets. RAM is used for programs and data as well as by the operating system for disk caching (using RAM to hold recently accessed information). Or you must replace the memory if you have spare memory chips. You need to specify the right memory chip type in such cases to avoid conflicts with onboard memory and provide stable performance. Figure 4-1 From top to bottom, DDR, DDR2, DDR3, and DDR4 DIMM desktop memory modules. PC3- indicates the module uses DDR3 memory. Although parity-checked memory mainly slows down the system, ECC memory can detect memory errors as well as correct them. Intel introduced triple-channel memory (which runs even faster than dual-channel memory) with its Core i7 processor. Many, but not all, of these modules use both sides of the module for memory. To learn more about LGA 1366, see “LGA 1366” in Chapter 7, “CPUs.”. Compared to its predecessor, DDR3, DDR4 runs at lower voltage (1.2V) than either DDR3 or lower-voltage DDR3L. If the problem recurs, replace the original module, swap out the second module, and repeat. 184-pin DIMM memory modules use DDR SDRAM chips. Common speeds for DDR SDRAM include PC1600 (200MHz/1600Mbps), PC2100 (266MHz/2100Mbps), PC2700 (333MHz/2700Mbps), and PC3200 (400MHz/3200Mbps), but other speeds are available from some vendors. The memory module must be pressed firmly into place before the locking tab (left) will engage. For desktop computers, SDRAM and DDR are the most popular formats of RAM in use, while laptop computers will commonly feature SODIMM RAM, a smaller version of DIMM RAM. Most of these systems use two sets of four sockets. A fair amount of force is required to engage the locks. 220-901: Objective 1.3 Compare and contrast various RAM types and their features. DDR, DDR2, and DDR3 are the memory types covered on the 900 series exams. Although the hard drive can substitute for RAM in a pinch, don’t confuse RAM with mass storage devices such as hard disks or SSDs. 64- and 72-pin SIMM sockets are used in desktop motherboards because they can hold larger memory modules. Depending on the specific module and motherboard chipset combination, PC133 modules can sometimes be used on systems that are designed for PC100 modules. 90. 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These keys must align with a key in the memory socket to allow the module to be inserted. The actual DRAM arrays that store the data are similar to earlier types, with similar performance. A memory slot, memory socket, or RAM slot allows RAM (computer memory) to be inserted into the computer. Figure 4-5 A DDR3 DIMM partly inserted (top) and fully inserted (bottom). Although RAM’s contents are temporary, RAM is much faster than magnetic or SSD storage; RAM speed is measured in nanoseconds (billionths of a second), while magnetic and SSD storage is measured in milliseconds (thousandths of a second). A DDR2 SDRAM DIMM will not fit into a standard SDRAM DIMM socket or a DDR DIMM socket. Most 168-pin DIMM modules use SDRAM memory. Parity checking, which goes back to the original IBM PC, works like this: Whenever memory is accessed, each data bit has a value of 0 or 1. The main benefits of using SIMM sockets are their space-saving capabilities and simple installation mechanisms, making them suitable for smaller circuit board designs used by electronic hobbyists. This allows for placing and replacing the central processing unit (CPU) without soldering. SDRAM memory is rated by bus speed (PC66 equals 66MHz bus speed; PC100 equals 100MHz bus speed; and PC133 equals 133MHz bus speed). DDR4 supports densities up to 16Gb per chip (twice the density of DDR3), twice the memory banks, and uses bank groups to speed up burst accesses to memory, but uses the same eight-bit prefetch as DDR3. Some systems, primarily older systems using DDR2 or older memory technologies, have different maximum amounts of RAM based on whether single-sided or double-sided modules are used. Contacts (pins) on the SIMM sockets have anti-overstress features and are resistant to high temperatures. Because RAM is one of the most popular upgrades to add to any laptop or desktop system during its lifespan, you need to understand how RAM works, which types of RAM exist, and how to add it to provide the biggest performance boost to the systems you maintain. Celeron - G4930, G4930T, G4950. Using advanced precision injection molding equipment and patented technology, LEENO can provide molded sockets for various package sizes for memory sockets. A lower CL provides faster access than a higher CL. DDR SDRAM performs two transfers per clock cycle (instead of one, as with regular SDRAM) and features a two-bit prefetch buffer. Most motherboards have two to four memory slots, which determine the type of RAM used with the computer. However, many servers and some desktop or workstation computers use a type of memory module called registered memory or buffered memory: buffered memory is the term used by the 220-901 exam. Installed DIMM. Memory Card & SIM Sockets. They have two separate electrical contacts on either side and a 64-bit path. For critical applications, network servers have long used a special type of memory called error-correcting code (ECC). RAM Compatibility—Learn how to make sure additional memory works with existing memory in this section. Synchronous DRAM (SDRAM) was the first type of memory to run in sync with the processor bus (the connection between the processor, or CPU, and other components on the motherboard). The Wikipedia page provides the CPUs that each socket type supports. Typical latency values for mainstream DDR2 memory are CL=5 and CL=6, compared to CL=2.5 and CL=3 for DDR memory. If you want to buy additional modules of the same size, you can use this information to purchase additional modules. Generally, the more pins or contacts, the higher the type of RAM supported. DIMMs are memory modules that are composed of a series of dynamic, random-access memory (RAM) integrated circuits. Doing this also helps to prevent tipping the system over by accident when you push on the memory to lock it into the socket. Use an antistatic bag to hold the memory modules while you are not working with them. DDR3 SDRAM memory might be referred to by the effective memory speed of the memory chips on the module (the memory clock speed x4 or the I/O bus clock speed x2); for example, DDR3-1333 (333MHz memory clock x4 or 666MHz I/O bus clock x2)=1333MHz) or by module throughput (DDR3-1333 is used in PC3-10600 modules, which have a throughput of more than 10,600MBps or 10.6GBps). 1. However, the use of smaller memory chips enables “double-sided” modules to have all of the chips on one side. RAM Configurations—Discover how multi-channel memory layouts available on many systems can boost performance and how to install the modules. Figure 4-3 compares common DIMM and SODIMM modules. If the module uses 16 chips for data (two banks of eight), it would use the 17th and 18th chips for parity (refer to Figure 4-2). Very small-footprint systems (such as those that use microATX or Mini-ITX motherboards) often support only one or two modules, but systems that use full-size ATX motherboards often support three or more modules, especially those designed for multi-channel memory (two or more modules accessed as a single logical unit for faster performance). Install identical module here for dual-channel operation. However, to find out exactly which type of memory modules are compatible with your motherboard, visit a memory manufacturer’s website and check within its database. The memory module type must fit the motherboard; speed must be compatible and the module storage size/combination must match your computer system as well. Most, but not all, memory module labels indicate the CL value. 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