Invasion, intervention, "intervasion" [electronic resource] : a concise history of the U.S. Army in Operation Uphold Democracy / Walter E. Kretchik, Robert F. Baumann, John T. Fishel U.S. Army Command and General Staff College Press Fort Leavenworth, Kan 1998. The Armed Forces Expeditionary Medal (AFEM) is a military award of the United States Armed Forces, which was first created in 1961 by Executive Order of President John Kennedy.The medal is awarded to members of the U.S. Armed Forces who, after July 1, 1958, participated in U.S. military operations, U.S. operations in direct support of the United Nations, or U.S. operations … I have entitiled this article “Operation Uphold Democracy,” but the Haiti campaign has also been called “Operation Restore Democracy,” and even “Operation Maintain Democracy.” The confusion seems to be from the fact that there were two distinct plans of action about the intervention … The USA invaded Haiti on 19 September 1994, unopposed by the Haitian military. The operation, named "Uphold Democracy", was to reverse a 1991 military coup which deposed the freely-elected president, Jean-Bertrand Aristide. 2 For an excellent overview of the background of and U.S. Army role in Operation UPHOLD DEMOCRACY, see Walter E. Kretchik, Robert F. Baumann, and John T. Fishel, Invasion, Intervention, “Intervasion”: A Concise History of the U.S. Army in Operation Uphold Democracy (Fort Leavenworth, KS: U.S. Army Command and General Staff College Press, … This is a brief exploration of the US Official Policy regarding Haiti during the Duvalier eras, and the effects of the guidelines that they adopted GUIDELINES OF U.S. POLICY TOWARD HAITI Objectives United States short-term objectives in Haiti are to keep Haiti on our side and to prevent further economic and social deterioration and political… During the operation, American forces recovered a large amount of WWII weapons which were still in use by the Haitians. Robert F's 3 research works with 68 citations and 24 reads, including: Invasion, intervention, "intervasion": a concise history of the U.S. Army in Operation Uphold Democracy. COL David Patton, USA OPERATION UPHOLD DEMOCRACY Use of Military Police and Non-lethal Weapons in Haiti Presented by COL David L. Patton, U.S. Army 14 April 1999 My name is Dave Patton and I’ve been asked to discuss the role that military police soldiers and nonlethal weapons played during Opera-tion UPHOLD DEMOCRACY in Haiti. Australian/Harvard Citation U.S. PSYOP IN HAITI (OPERATION UPHOLD DEMOCRACY) Herbert A. Friedman.