problem relates to how we know other minds exist: What justifiesour belief that a given body has a mind or thinks? Russell: The argument from analogy for other minds. The problem of other minds is the question of how we can know that there are minds other than our own. As the title of her book suggests, Anik Waldow brings the philosophy of David Hume to bear on the problem of other minds. See that’s the problem with philosophy- it needs a completely logical foolproof answer for everything. The problem with what you’re saying is, “Other minds do in fact exist”. The problem of other minds dissolves: there can be no knowledge of oneself as a mind without presupposing that there are other minds. April 12, 2013 We have no doubt that humans can feel pleasure and pain, can remember and reason. We each experience our own minds directly, from ‘within’. This is an interesting and worthwhile endeavor given Hume's reputation as one who exacerbates rather than mitigates this intractable problem. 4. We can each apprehend our sensations and emotions in a way that is ‘felt’. ISBN 978-951-39-6264-7 (PDF) The topic of this dissertation is the problem of other minds from the viewpoint of Wittgenstein's later philosophy. We have less confidence that the other animals below us in the animal kingdom are so capable, and our confidence reduces the further down the chain we go. We can know what we want or believe through introspection. They are not entitled to assume the existence of mental code because of their ontological commitments. How do you know other people have minds as you do? While these three issues are co‐imbricated, I will claim that analytic engagements with the problem of other minds focus on (1), whereas continental philosophers focus far more on (2). I don’t think that has been such an easy thing to prove completely. Vaaja, Tero The Problem of Other Minds: Themes from Wittgenstein Jyvaskyla: University of Jyvaskyla, 2015, 60 p. (Jyvaskyla Studies in Education, Psychology and Social Research ISSN 0075-4625; 531) ISBN 978-951-39-6263-0 (nid.) Our knowledge of other minds isn’t inferred from knowledge of what causes our own behaviour This may sound like a silly question, but if you allow yourself to think about it, you will realize that you have no logical reason to believe in the existence of other minds, which is why it is an unsolved problem in philosophy – the Problem of Other Minds. It is this version of the problem of other minds for which we have competing historical ac-counts. Conclusion The problem of knowledge of other minds is a serious one for the substance dualist.